Carl Wilhelm Scheele, the discoverer of oxygen, and a very productive chemist.
نویسنده
چکیده
Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786) has an important place in the history of the discovery of respiratory gases because he was undoubtedly the first person to prepare oxygen and describe some of its properties. Despite this, his contributions have often been overshadowed by those of Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier, who also played critical roles in preparing the gas and understanding its nature. Sadly, Scheele was slow to publish his discovery and therefore Priestley is rightly recognized as the first person to report the preparation of oxygen. This being said, the thinking of both Scheele and Priestley was dominated by the phlogiston theory, and it was left to Lavoisier to elucidate the true nature of oxygen. In addition to his work on oxygen, Scheele was enormously productive in other areas of chemistry. Arguably he discovered seven new elements and many other compounds. However, he kept a low profile during his life as a pharmacist, and he did not have strong links with contemporary prestigious institutions such as the Royal Society in England or the French Académie des Sciences. He was elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Science but only attended one meeting. Partly as a result, he remains a somewhat nebulous figure despite the critical contribution he made to the history of respiratory gases and his extensive researches in other areas of chemistry. His death at the age of 43 may have been hastened by his habit of tasting the chemicals that he worked on.
منابع مشابه
Stepping through science's door: C. W. Scheele, from pharmacist's apprentice to man of science.
This reinterpretation of Carl Wilhelm Scheele's (1742-86) early life and career analyses the social interplay between Scheele and other chemists who were active in eighteenth-century Sweden. It is argued that Scheele, a rather lowly journeyman working in peripheral pharmacies, had to work hard and traverse several geographical and social boundaries to gain a foothold in the scientific community...
متن کاملCarl Wilhelm Scheele
Figure 3. "Scheele Haus," the birthplace (1742) of Scheele, is the center building, located at Fiihrstrafie 23, Stra/sund, Gennany (N 54° 18.99; E 13° 05.56). This building is elegantly marked with a plaque and a small exhibit inside. The view is eastward, downhill toward the Baltic Sea only 200 meters away and from which cold winds often blow up the street. Occasional plaques in the city datin...
متن کاملPriestley, the furious free thinker of the enlightenment, and Scheele, the taciturn apothecary of Uppsala.
AMERICANS are taught that the English Unitarian minister Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774. Scandinavians are taught that the Swedish apothecary Carl Wilhelm Scheele generated oxygen in Uppsala in 1771–2, several years before Priestley. Scheele claimed that he wrote Lavoisier, describing the experiments in September, 1774. However, Lavoisier denied seeing or receiving his letter. Among...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology
دوره 307 11 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014